Cars & Other Vehicles, LIV-P-4
Automobile, byname auto, also called motorcar or car, a usually four-wheeled vehicle designed primarily for passenger transportation and commonly propelled by an internal-combustion engine using a volatile fuel.
Cars & Other Vehicles Encyclopedia Articles By Title
Liverpool Street Station, railway station in the northeastern part of the City of London. Lying beside Bishopsgate......
lock, enclosure or basin located in the course of a canal or a river (or in the vicinity of a dock) with gates......
locomotive, any of various self-propelled vehicles used for hauling railroad cars on tracks. Although motive power......
log, instrument for measuring the speed of a ship through water. The first practical log, developed about 1600,......
London Bridge Station, railway station in the Bermondsey district of Southwark, London. It lies southeast of London......
London Underground, underground railway system that services the London metropolitan area. The London Underground......
Long Beach, first nuclear-powered cruiser, launched by the U.S. Navy in 1959. With a length of 721 feet (219 metres)......
Long Island Rail Road Company, American railroad on Long Island, N.Y., and one of the few in the world still operating......
Long March, family of Chinese launch vehicles. Like those of the United States and Soviet Union, China’s first......
longship, type of sail-and-oar vessel that predominated in northern European waters for more than 1,500 years and......
loran, land-based system of radio navigation, first developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during......
Lucy, U.S. spacecraft that will be the first to visit the Trojan asteroids, which orbit the Sun with Jupiter but......
Lufthansa, German airline organized in Cologne, W.Ger., on Jan. 6, 1953, jointly by the federal government, the......
Luna, any of a series of 25 uncrewed Soviet and later Russian lunar probes launched between 1959 and 2023. Luna......
Luna-Resource, Russian spacecraft that is designed to land on the Moon. Scheduled for launch about 2025, it will......
Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE), U.S. spacecraft designed to study the thin lunar atmosphere......
Lunar Orbiter, any of a series of five unmanned U.S. spacecraft placed in orbit around the Moon. Lunar Orbiter......
Lunar Prospector, U.S. space probe that studied the chemistry of the Moon’s surface. Lunar Prospector was launched......
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), a U.S. spacecraft that mapped the surface of the Moon in order to help select......
Lusitania, British ocean liner, the sinking of which by a German U-boat on May 7, 1915, contributed indirectly......
macadam, form of pavement invented by John McAdam of Scotland in the 18th century. McAdam’s road cross section......
Magellan, U.S. spacecraft that from 1990 to 1994 used radar to create a high-resolution map of the surface of Venus.......
maglev, a floating vehicle for land transportation that is supported by either electromagnetic attraction or repulsion.......
magnetic compass, in navigation or surveying, an instrument for determining direction on the surface of Earth by......
Manila galleon, Spanish sailing vessel that made an annual round trip (one vessel per year) across the Pacific......
Marine One, any aircraft of the U.S. Marine Corps transporting the president of the United States. Strictly speaking,......
Mariner, any of a series of unmanned U.S. space probes sent to the vicinities of Venus, Mars, and Mercury. Mariner......
Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN), U.S. spacecraft designed to study the upper atmosphere of Mars......
Mars Global Surveyor, robotic U.S. spacecraft launched to the planet Mars to carry out long-term study from orbit......
Mars Pathfinder, robotic U.S. spacecraft launched to Mars to demonstrate a new way to land a spacecraft on the......
Mars Polar Lander, unsuccessful U.S. space probe that was designed to study the polar regions of Mars and whose......
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), U.S. satellite that orbited Mars and studied its geology and climate. The MRO......
marshaling yard, fan-shaped network of tracks and switches where railroad cars are sorted and made up into trains......
Mary Rose, an English warship commissioned during Henry VIII’s reign that often served as the flagship of the fleet.......
Maserati, Italian automobile manufacturer known for racing, sports, and GT (Grand Touring) cars. It is a subsidiary......
mass transit, the movement of people within urban areas using group travel technologies such as buses and trains.......
Mauretania, transatlantic passenger liner of the Cunard Line, called the “Grand Old Lady of the Atlantic.” It was......
Mazda Motor Corporation, a leading Japanese brand and automotive manufacturer, maker of Mazda passenger cars, trucks,......
Mercedes-Benz Group is an international automotive company and one of the world’s leading manufacturers of cars......
merchant marine, the commercial ships of a nation, whether privately or publicly owned. The term merchant marine......
Mercury, any of the first series of crewed spaceflights conducted by the United States (1961–63). The series began......
mesoscaphe, diving vessel built by the Swiss scientist Jacques Piccard that suspended itself automatically at predetermined......
Messenger, U.S. spacecraft that studied Mercury’s surface and environment. The name was selected in honour of ancient......
Mexicana Airlines, oldest airline in North America, founded in 1924 in Tampico, Mex., and now headquartered in......
Midas, any of a series of 12 unmanned U.S. military satellites developed to provide warning against surprise attacks......
MiG, any member of a family of Soviet military fighter aircraft produced by a design bureau founded in 1939 by......
MiG-15, single-seat, single-engine Soviet jet fighter, built by the Mikoyan-Gurevich design bureau and first flown......
military aircraft, any type of aircraft that has been adapted for military use. Aircraft have been a fundamental......
- Introduction
- WWI, Aviation, Combat
- Fighters, Combat, Defense
- Interwar, Developments, Technology
- Bombers, Jet Engines, Stealth
- Night Fighters, Radar, Combat
- Jet Engines, Supersonic Flight, Stealth
- Transonic Flight, Supersonic Speed, Aerodynamics
- Multimission, Versatility, Combat
- Stealth, Radar, Design
- Helicopters, Rotors, Engines
- UAVs, Drones, Autonomy
minesweeper, naval vessel used to clear an area of mines (see mine). The earliest sweeping system, devised to clear......
Mirage, any member of a family of combat aircraft produced by the Dassault-Breguet aeronautics firm of France.......
Missouri, American battleship, scene of the Japanese surrender on September 2, 1945, that formally ended World......
Missouri Pacific Railroad Company, former American railroad founded to build the first rail line west of the Mississippi......
Modane train crash of 1917, train derailment in Modane, France, on Dec. 12, 1917, that killed more than 500 French......
Model T, automobile built by the Ford Motor Company from 1908 until 1927. Conceived by Henry Ford as practical,......
monitor, ironclad warship originally designed for use in shallow harbours and rivers to blockade the Confederate......
monoplane, type of aircraft with a single pair of wings. The monoplane design has been nearly universally adopted......
monorail, railway that runs on a single rail. This rail may be located either above or beneath the railway cars.......
Moscow Metro, subway system serving the city of Moscow and several neighbouring towns within Moscow oblast. The......
Mosquito, British twin-engine two-seat mid-wing bomber aircraft that was adapted to become the prime night fighter......
motorboat, a relatively small watercraft propelled by an internal-combustion or electric engine. Motorboats range......
motorcycle, any two-wheeled or, less commonly, three-wheeled motor vehicle, usually propelled by an internal-combustion......
Motorola, Inc., American manufacturer and one of the historic brands of wireless communications and electronic......
Mount Cenis Tunnel, rail tunnel from Modane, France, to Bardonècchia, Italy, the first great Alpine tunnel to be......
MS St. Louis, German ocean liner that gained international attention in May–June 1939 when Cuba, the United States,......
Myasishchev M-4, Soviet long-range bomber, the first jet bomber in the strategic air force of the Soviet Union......
N1, Soviet launch vehicle. In the early 1960s, Soviet designers began work on the N1, which was originally designed......
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), independent U.S. governmental agency established in 1958......
National Air and Space Museum, American museum of aviation and space exploration, part of the Smithsonian Institution,......
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), organization within the United States Department of Transportation......
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), agency of the U.S. Department of Commerce responsible for......
National Maritime Museum, national museum concerned with the maritime history of Great Britain. It is situated......
National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act, U.S. legislation that required automobile manufacturers to institute......
Nautilus, any of at least three historic submarines (including the world’s first nuclear-powered vessel) and a......
navigation, science of directing a craft by determining its position, course, and distance traveled. Navigation......
- Introduction
- Magnetic, Directional, Orientation
- Marine Charts, GPS, Sonar
- Celestial, Chronometers, Maps
- GPS, Radar, Sonar
- Dead Reckoning, Celestial, Instruments
- Inertial Guidance, Sensors, Gyroscopes
- Radio, GPS, Sonar
- Distance, Measurement, Instruments
- Gyromagnetic, Compass, Technology
- Radar, Sonar, GPS
navigation chart, map designed and used primarily for navigation. A nautical chart presents most of the information......
Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous Shoemaker (NEAR Shoemaker), first spacecraft to orbit and then land on an asteroid......
New Horizons, U.S. space probe that flew by the dwarf planet Pluto and its largest moon, Charon, in July 2015.......
New York Central Railroad Company, one of the major American railroads that connected the East Coast with the interior.......
New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad Company, American railroad that began operations between Buffalo, N.Y.,......
New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad Company, American railroad operating in southern New England and New......
night fighter, in military aviation, a fighter aircraft with special sighting, sensing, and navigating equipment......
Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. is a Japanese industrial corporation that manufactures automobiles, trucks, and buses under......
Norfolk and Western Railway Company, former American railroad that originated as an eight-mile single-track line......
Northern Pacific Railway Company, one of the northern transcontinental railroads of the United States, operating......
Northwest Airlines, Inc., American airline founded in 1926 as Northwest Airways, Inc., and incorporated on April......
Nozomi, unsuccessful Japanese space probe that was designed to measure the interaction between the solar wind and......
nuclear submarine, submarine that relies on a nuclear reactor to drive its propulsion system. A nuclear submarine......
ocean liner, one of the two principal types of merchant ship as classified by operating method; the other is the......
Olympic, British luxury liner that was a sister ship of the Titanic and the Britannic. It was in service from 1911......
Olympic Airlines, Greek airline, formerly known as Olympic Airways, founded on April 6, 1957, by the Greek shipowner......
one-horse shay, open two-wheeled vehicle that was the American adaptation of the French chaise. Its chairlike body,......
Opel AG, German automotive company, a wholly owned subsidiary of Stellantis NV, specializing in the manufacture......
Orbiting Astronomical Observatory (OAO), any of a series of four unmanned U.S. scientific satellites developed......
Orbiting Geophysical Observatory (OGO), any of a series of six unmanned scientific satellites launched by the United......
Orient-Express, luxury train that ran from Paris to Constantinople (Istanbul) for more than 80 years (1883–1977).......
ornithopter, machine designed to fly by the flapping of its wings in imitation of birds. The wooden bird said to......
For its new 14th Edition in 1929, Britannica sought a biography of that pioneering 20th-century Daedalus, Wilbur......
Oseberg ship, 9th-century Viking ship that was discovered in 1903 on a farm in southeastern Norway and excavated......
P-38, fighter and fighter-bomber employed by the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War II. A large and powerful......
P-47, fighter and fighter-bomber used by the Allied air forces during World War II. A single-seat low-wing fighter......