bourgeoisie

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Portrait of Marie Antoinette by Jean-Francois Janinet, 1777. Color etching and engraving with gold leaf printed on two sheets, 30x13.5 in.

Did Marie-Antoinette Really Say “Let Them Eat Cake”?

Capital Execution at the Place de la Revolution between August 1793 and June 1794, oil on canvas by Pierre Antoine De Machy (Demachy), Musee Carnavalet, Paris, France. 37 x 53.5 cm. (Reign of Terror, hanging, guillotine execution, French Revolution)

The 12 Months of the French Republican Calendar

Picking cotton on a Georgia plantation, 1858. Illustration published in Ballou's Pictorial, v. 14, 1858, p. 49. African Americans; Black Americans; cotton pickers; slavery; slaves; enslavement; Georgia

Pro and Con: Reparations for Slavery

John F. Kennedy as a boy with his family

What Did We Call America’s Elite Before the “1 Percent”?

Painting titled: "Washington as Statesman at the Constitutional Convention" oil on canvas by Junius Brutus Stearns, 1856; in the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. (Note from museum) The painting represents George Washington's role as president of the 1787 Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. The normally reserved Washington urges passage of a new federal constitution, a draft of which he holds in his hands.

How Many of the Signers of the U.S. Constitution Were Enslavers?

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Happy, smiling, flying pig

7 Everyday English Idioms and Where They Come From

US Marines firing at Fallujah, Iraq, during the Second Battle of Fallujah in November 2004. Operation Iraqi Freedom, Iraq War.

Timeline of the 2000s

Ethel Rosenberg arrested in August 1950. Photograph dated Aug. 8, 1950. American civilians executed for espionage. Spies, communists, Julius Rosenberg

Spies Like Us: 10 Famous Names in the Espionage Game

Close up of books. Stack of books, pile of books, literature, reading. Homepage 2010, arts and entertainment, history and society

12 Novels Considered the “Greatest Book Ever Written”

Aurochs. Bos primigenius. Skeleton. Extinct animal. Skeleton of an Aurochs, an extinct wild ox.

6 Animals We Ate Into Extinction

Poker game. Card game. Royal Flush in poker. Hearts suit gambling

Poker Hands Ranked

Illustration for Demystified "How Dangerous is Quicksand"

How Deadly Is Quicksand?

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proletariat middle class social class slavery elites aristocracy peasant yeoman varna class consciousness vassal samurai burakumin

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