printmaking

Table of Contents

Introduction
Major techniques of printmaking
- Relief processes
  - Woodcut
  - Colour woodcut
  - Wood engraving
  - Linoleum cut
  - Metal cut
  - Cardboard (paper) cut
  - Relief etching
  - Rubbing
  - Dotted print (criblé)
- Intaglio processes
  - Engraving
  - Drypoint
  - Mezzotint
  - Crayon manner and stipple engraving
  - Etching
    - Hard-ground etching
    - Soft-ground etching
    - Relief etching
    - Aquatint
    - Lift-ground etching (sugar-lift aquatint)
    - Acids and the etching process
  - Metal graphic
  - Printing by intaglio processes
    - Intaglio colour printing
    - Stencilled colours with an intaglio plate
    - Intaglio and surface colour with relief etching
- Surface-printing processes
  - Lithography
  - Stencil processes
- Special techniques
  - Monoprint (monotype)
  - Cliché-verre
  - The cellocut
  - Collagraphy
  - Plaster print
- Process prints
  - Linecut
  - Halftone cut or plate
  - Rotogravure
  - Offset lithography
- Contemporary experimentation
- Mounting and care of prints
History of printmaking
- Printmaking in the 15th century
  - Germany
  - Italy
  - Other countries
    - The Netherlands and Burgundy
    - France
- Printmaking in the 16th century
  - Germany
  - Other countries
    - The Netherlands and Flanders
    - Italy
    - France
  - Trends in the late 16th century
- Printmaking in the 17th century
  - Portrait engraving
    - France
    - Germany
    - The Netherlands
    - England
  - Flemish printmaking
  - European etching
    - Italy
    - The Netherlands
  - Japanese ukiyo-e prints
- Printmaking in the 18th century
  - Italy
  - England
  - Spain
  - France
  - Japan
- Printmaking in the 19th century
  - France
  - Japan
  - Other countries
- Printmaking in the 20th century
  - France
  - Germany
  - Other countries

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printmaking summary

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printmaking: Facts & Related Content

Written and fact-checked by The Information Architects of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Facts

Also Known As	print • fine print

Photos and Videos

Mary Cassatt: Woman Bathing

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Master of the Playing Cards: A Poet Reading

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Topics

plaster print costume plate stenciling rubbing monotype cliché-verre relief printing kōsen-ga suri-mono anastatic printing architecture film dance sculpture painting drawing history of photography garden and landscape design literature graphic design

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Key People

James Merritt Ives

American lithographer

Nathaniel Currier

American lithographer

Rembrandt: Self-Portrait

Rembrandt

Dutch artist

William Blake

William Blake

British writer and artist

Pablo Picasso

Pablo Picasso

Spanish artist

Edgar Degas

Edgar Degas

French artist

French artist Henri Matisse

Henri Matisse

French artist

Albrecht Dürer: Self-Portrait in Furred Coat

Albrecht Dürer

German artist

Honoré Daumier

Honoré Daumier

French artist

Camille Pissarro: Self-Portrait

Camille Pissarro

French artist

Arrival of Cardinal Francesco Gonzaga, fresco by Andrea Mantegna, completed 1474; in the Camera degli Sposi, Palazzo Ducale, Mantua, Italy.

Andrea Mantegna

Italian artist

Wassily Kandinsky: Painting with Green Center

Wassily Kandinsky

Russian-born artist

The Painter and His Pug, self-portrait by William Hogarth, oil on canvas, 1745; in the Tate Gallery, London.

William Hogarth

English artist

Paul Klee

Paul Klee

Swiss-German artist

van Dyck, Anthony

Anthony van Dyck

Flemish painter

J.M.W. Turner: The Fighting Temeraire Tugged to Her Last Berth to Be Broken Up, 1838

J.M.W. Turner

English painter

Édouard Manet: Self-Portrait

Édouard Manet

French painter

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec: At the Moulin Rouge

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec

French artist

Giovanni Battista Tiepolo

Italian artist

Marc Chagall

Marc Chagall

Belorussian-born French artist

Quiz

"Self-Portrait Etching at a Window" etching (drypoint and burin in black on ivory laid paper) by Rembrandt van Rijn, 1648; in the collection of the Art Institute of Chicago.

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