statistics

Table of Contents

Introduction
Descriptive statistics
- Tabular methods
- Graphical methods
- Numerical measures
  - Outliers
  - Exploratory data analysis
Probability
- Events and their probabilities
- Random variables and probability distributions
- Special probability distributions
  - The binomial distribution
  - The Poisson distribution
  - The normal distribution
Estimation
- Sampling and sampling distributions
- Estimation of a population mean
- Estimation of other parameters
- Estimation procedures for two populations
Hypothesis testing
Bayesian methods
Experimental design
- Analysis of variance and significance testing
- Regression and correlation analysis
  - Regression model
  - Least squares method
  - Analysis of variance and goodness of fit
  - Significance testing
  - Residual analysis
  - Model building
  - Correlation
Time series and forecasting
Nonparametric methods
Statistical quality control
- Acceptance sampling
- Statistical process control
Sample survey methods
Decision analysis

References & Edit History Related Topics

Images

normal probability distribution

scatter diagram with estimated regression equation

A pie chart for the marital status of 100 individuals.

For Students

statistics summary

Discover

Portrait of a mountain gorilla at a short distance. gorilla close up portrait.The mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei)

Falling Stars: 10 of the Most Famous Endangered Species

Close up of praying mantis walking on stone ground against a blurred background in Japan

6 Animals That Eat Their Mates

The United States Supreme Court building, Washington, D.C.

14 Questions About Government in the United States Answered

Alpaca and Llama side by side

What’s the Difference Between Llamas and Alpacas?

Periodical Cicada, Adult, Magicicada spp. Requires 17 years to complete development. Nymph splits its skin, and transforms into an adult. Feeds on sap of tree roots. Northern Illinois Brood. This brood is the largest emergence of cicadas anywhere

Why Do Some Cicadas Appear Only Every 17 Years?

Flags of the United Kingdom of Great Britain - England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Union Flag.

Acts of Union: Uniting the United Kingdom

Big beaver gnawing on limb at river's edge

6 Animal Species that Mate for Life

statistics: Related Content

Written and fact-checked by The Information Architects of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Photos

normal probability distribution

scatter diagram with estimated regression equation

A pie chart for the marital status of 100 individuals.

See All Images →

Topics

nonparametric method prediction regression analysis factor descriptive statistics experimental design statistical process control random number population Simpson’s paradox anthropology analysis probability theory geography cryptology economics computer science combinatorics algebra political science

Dig Deeper: More Articles That Discuss This Topic

Key People

Karl Pearson

Karl Pearson

British mathematician

Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher

British geneticist and statistician

Mollie Orshansky

American statistician

P.C. Mahalanobis

Indian statistician

Richard von Mises

American mathematician

Hans Rosling

Swedish physician and statistician

Blackwell, David

David Blackwell

American statistician and mathematician

David Cox

David Cox

British statistician

W. Edwards Deming

American statistician and educator

Charles Benedict Davenport

American zoologist

John Graunt

English statistician

Neyman, Jerzy

Jerzy Neyman

Polish mathematician and statistician

Quetelet, Adolphe

Adolphe Quetelet

Belgian astronomer, sociologist, and statistician

Francis Ysidro Edgeworth

Irish economist

Walker, Francis A.

Francis A. Walker

American economist

Nikolay D. Kondratyev

Russian economist

Jacques Bertillon

French statistician

Ernst Engel

German statistician

Corrado Gini

Italian statistician

John R. McCulloch, detail of an oil painting by Sir Daniel Macnee; in the National Portrait Gallery, London.

John R. McCulloch

British economist

Quiz

Equations written on blackboard

Numbers and Mathematics

Italian-born physicist Dr. Enrico Fermi draws a diagram at a blackboard with mathematical equations. circa 1950.

Define It: Math Terms